Proyecto piloto, sobre la técnica epofer (excretas porcinas fermentadas) en el sector porcicola

La técnica del EPOFER (Excretas Porcinas Fermentadas) se inicia hace nueve años en Cuba; allí solo se adicionaba a las excretas de los porcinos melaza; el zootecnista Colombiano doctor Rafael Mendoza Castro, mediante una investigación en ese país mejoro la técnica adicionando un tipo enzimas conocido como ECB (Estimuladores de Crecimiento Bacteriano), las cuales fueron obtenidas mediante ensayos en laboratorio durante un tiempo de fermentación; se logró que este proceso presentara un alto contenido de nutrientes que podían ser utilizados como alimento para los porcinos,- sin la presencia bacterias patógenas. El siguiente documento tiene como propósito mostrar mediante un proyecto piloto la técnica del EPOFER, como una alternativa novedosa para las granjas porcícolas en función de reutilizar las excretas de cerdo y mitigar el impacto ambiental que genera dicha actividad. Para su desarrollo se siguió una metodología en la cual se coloco una caneca con los respectivos componentes (Excreta — Melaza — ECB) realizando un seguimiento con relación a factores físico-químicos como pH, temperatura, color, olor y la presencia de vectores; como resultados admisibles de una fermentación anaerobia, así mismo mostró reducción del impacto ambiental y social al reciclar las excretas del cerdo.The EPOFER technique (Excrete Swinish Fermented) it has begun in Cuba for fine years ago; mere only it was add the excrete to them of the swinish molasses; me Colombian zootecnist “Doctor Rafael Mendoza Castro”, by means of an investigation in that country improves the technique adding a type enzymes known as ECB (stimulative of bacterial growth), which were obtained by means of rehearsals in laboratory during a time of fermentation; achieves that this process will present a high content of nutrients that could be used as food for the swinish ones and without the presences of pathogenic’s bactenums The following document has as purpose to show by means of a project pilot me technique of me EPOFER, like a novel altemative for the Swinish’s farms in function of reuse the pig excrete and to mitigate me environmental impact that generates this activity. For their development a methodology has follow in which it places a recipient with the respective components (Excretes - Molasses - ECB) carrying out a pursuit in relation to physical-chemical factors as pH, temperature, color, scent and the presence of vectors; as acceptable results of an anaerobian fermentation, likewise it showed reduction from me environmental and social impact when recycling the pig excrete

Estrategia de marca por: Oscar Portillo

En el presente trabajo se aplica los conocimientos adquiridos que se aprendieron en el Curso de Especialización de Medios Digitales y Redes Sociales. Para desarrollar estos informes finales cada alumno tuvo que escoger una marca existente o marca personal para poner en práctica cada concepto estudiado y así llevarlo a la práctica; por medio de un plan estratégico en promoción de algún servicio o producto. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar de cuáles son las estrategias que se deben de tomar en cuenta para el momento de crear un plan de contenido de valor para las empresas o marcas, las cuales se presentan a ellas de cómo deben de presentarse en sus espacios digitales. Para proyectar una marca, es necesario crear una estrategia digital, el cual consiste en diseñar un plan de acción desde el diseño de su logo, identidad de marca, línea de contenido, perfil de marca, hasta el análisis de la competencia y otros aspectos que complementan el plan. Todo esto termina en la propuesta final de un calendario de contenido para cumplir con los objetivos propuestos de la marca o empresa. Palabras clave: Contenido ; SEO ( Search Engine Optimization ) ; Plan de Marketing Digital ; Posicionamiento ; Redes Sociales ; Marca

Improving Content Delivery Efficiency through Multi-Layer Mobile Edge Adaptation

This paper presents a novel architecture for optimizing the HTTP-based multimedia delivery in multi-user mobile networks. This proposal combines the usual client-driven dynamic adaptation scheme DASH-3GPP with network-assisted adaptation capabilities, in order to maximize the overall Quality of Experience. The foundation of this combined adaptation scheme is based on two state of the art technologies. On one hand, adaptive HTTP streaming with multi-layer encoding allows efficient media delivery and improves the experienced media quality in highly dynamic channels. Additionally, it enables the possibility to implement network-level adaptations for better coping with multi-user scenarios. On the other hand, mobile edge computing facilitates the deployment of mobile services close to the user. This approach brings new possibilities in modern and future mobile networks, such as close to zero delays and awareness of the radio status. The proposal in this paper introduces a novel element, denoted as Mobile Edge-DASH Adaptation Function, which combines all these advantages to support efficient media delivery in mobile multi-user scenarios. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance enhancements of this content- and user context-aware scheme through simulations of a mobile multimedia scenario.European Union H2020 programme: Grant Agreement H2020-ICT-671596. Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO): grant TEC2013-46766-R

Autoconceito, adaptação escolar e exaustão emocional em alunos que fazem o ensino médio online

The aim of the research is to describe the behavior of self-concept, school adjustment and emotional exhaustion in a sample of online high school students in Mexico, as well as to identify gender differences, analyze their relationships and generate a predictive model. It is a study with a quantitative, observational approach, and a predictive cross-sectional design. Five hundred and seventy-eight students from the 32 states of Mexico participated. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the AF5 Self-concept scale, the Brief School Adjustment Scale and the Emotional Exhaustion Scale were used. The findings show that the emotional, social and physical self-concept present the lowest scores. Men obtained higher scores than women in all dimensions of self-concept, mainly in the emotional factor. All the participants showed adequate levels of school adjustment, both in total and in all its factors. In emotional exhaustion, women showed slightly higher levels than men. The association between self-concept and school adjustment was positive, while the relationship of both with emotional exhaustion was negative. It is suggested to delve into the study variables and incorporate the evolutionary factor of self-concept into the analysis, beyond the educational context.El objetivo del trabajo es describir el comportamiento del autoconcepto, ajuste escolar y cansancio escolar en una muestra de estudiantes que realizan estudios de bachillerato en línea en México; identificar diferencias en función del sexo, analizar sus relaciones y generar un modelo predictivo. Es un trabajo cuantitativo, de tipo observacional y diseño transversal predictivo. Participan 578 estudiantes de los 32 estados de la república mexicana. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico, la escala de Autoconcepto AF5, la Escala Breve de Ajuste Escolar y la de Cansancio Emocional. Los hallazgos muestran que el autoconcepto emocional, social y físico presentan los más bajos puntajes. Los hombres logran puntuaciones más altas que las mujeres en todas las dimensiones del autoconcepto, mayormente en la emocional. El total de los participantes mostraron niveles adecuados de ajuste escolar, tanto en el total como en todos sus factores. En el cansancio emocional, las mujeres manifestaron niveles ligeramente superiores que los hombres. La asociación entre el autoconcepto y el ajuste escolar fue de tipo positiva; mientras que la relación de ambas con el cansancio emocional fue de tipo negativa. Se sugiere profundizar en las variables de estudio e incorporar en el análisis el factor evolutivo del autoconcepto, más allá del contexto educativo.O objetivo do trabalho é descrever o comportamento de autoconceito, adaptação escolar e exaustão escolar em uma amostra de estudantes que realizaram o ensino médio online no México, identificar diferenças em função do sexo, analisar suas relações e gerar um modelo preditivo. É um trabalho quantitativo, do tipo observacional e com delineamento transversal preditivo. Participam 578 estudantes dos 32 estados da República Mexicana. Foram utilizados um questionário sociodemográfico, a Escala de Autoconceito AF5, a Escala Breve de Ajustamento Escolar e a de Exaustão Emocional. Os achados mostram que o autoconceito emocional, social e físico apresentam as pontuações mais baixas. Os homens obtêm pontuações mais altas do que as mulheres em todas as dimensões do autoconceito, principalmente no emocional. Todos os participantes apresentaram níveis adequados de adaptação escolar, tanto no total quanto em todos os seus fatores. Na exaustão emocional, as mulheres apresentaram níveis ligeiramente superiores aos dos homens. A associação entre autoconceito e adaptação escolar foi do tipo positivo, enquanto a relação de ambos com a exaustão emocional foi de tipo negativo. Sugere-se aprofundar as variáveis do estudo e incorporar na análise o fator evolutivo do autoconceito, para além do contexto educacional

A Robust Optimization Based Energy-Aware Virtual Network Function Placement Proposal for Small Cell 5G Networks with Mobile Edge Computing Capabilities

In the context of cloud-enabled 5G radio access networks with network function virtualization capabilities, we focus on the virtual network function placement problem for a multitenant cluster of small cells that provide mobile edge computing services. Under an emerging distributed network architecture and hardware infrastructure, we employ cloud-enabled small cells that integrate microservers for virtualization execution, equipped with additional hardware appliances. We develop an energy-aware placement solution using a robust optimization approach based on service demand uncertainty in order to minimize the power consumption in the system constrained by network service latency requirements and infrastructure terms. Then, we discuss the results of the proposed placement mechanism in 5G scenarios that combine several service flavours and robust protection values. Once the impact of the service flavour and robust protection on the global power consumption of the system is analyzed, numerical results indicate that our proposal succeeds in efficiently placing the virtual network functions that compose the network services in the available hardware infrastructure while fulfilling service constraints.The research leading to these results has been supported by the EU funded H2020 5G-PPP Project SESAME (Grant Agreement 671596) and the Spanish MINECO Project 5GRANVIR (TEC2016-80090-C2-2-R)

Caracterización de la cadena productiva de cuyes en el sur de Colombia e identificación de los factores determinantes para la adecuada prestación de servicios de extensión

The development of agrifood systems in Latin America reflects contrasting policy goals. Most governments advocate that “modernization,” measured as increased rates of technology adoption, is the way to address persistent food insecurity. By contrast, peasants’ and indigenous people’s organizations and social movements propose advancing knowledge co-production and co-innovation to increase the resilience of agrifood systems. Colombia reformed the National Innovation System for Agriculture in 2017. The policy reform instructed transitioning from providing “technical advice” to rural extension services. The research aimed to fill the knowledge gap regarding the transition to rural extension along the guinea pig production chain.   In addition to characterizing the production chain, we conducted qualitative and reflectivity analyses to understand better how institutional practices and research cultures hinder or promote transitioning to rural extension. The investigation revealed that small-scale farmers who rely on the production and commercialization of guinea pigs as a livelihood strategy have continued receiving advice to adopt the latest technologies. In closing, besides addressing technological deficits or inefficiencies, a systemic approach that considers cultural context and identity must integrate into rural extension to ensure technological adoption is aligned with the sustainability and resilience objectives of the guinea pig production chain.El desarrollo de los sistemas agroalimentarios en América Latina refleja objetivos de política contrarios. La mayoría de los gobiernos defienden que la “modernización”, medida como mayores tasas de adopción de tecnología, es la forma de abordar la inseguridad alimentaria persistente. Por el contrario, las organizaciones campesinas e indígenas y los movimientos sociales proponen avanzar en la coproducción de conocimiento y la coinnovación para aumentar la resiliencia de los sistemas agroalimentarios. Colombia reformó el Sistema Nacional de Innovación para la Agricultura en 2017, la cual instruyó la transición de prestación del servicio de asistencia técnica al de extensión rural. El propósito de la investigación fue llenar el vacío de conocimiento sobre la transición al extensionismo rural a lo largo de la cadena productiva cuyícola. Además de caracterizar la cadena productiva, se realizaron análisis cualitativos y de reflexividad para comprender mejor la manera en que las prácticas institucionales y las culturas de investigación obstaculizan o promueven la transición hacia la extensión rural. La investigación reveló que los pequeños agricultores quienes dependen de la producción y comercialización de cuyes como estrategia de subsistencia han seguido recibiendo asesoramiento para adoptar las últimas tecnologías. Se concluyó que, además de abordar los déficits o las ineficiencias tecnológicas, se debe integrar un enfoque sistémico que considere el contexto cultural y la identidad al extensionismo rural a fin de garantizar que la adopción tecnológica se ajuste a los objetivos de sostenibilidad y resiliencia de esta cadena productiva

Explanatory model of teacher satisfaction in the remote teaching period in Mexico

El presente trabajo tuvo como principal objetivo conocer el grado de satisfacción del profesorado de Educación Básica, así como los factores asociados a la misma, con respecto a los resultados obtenidos durante el período de enseñanza remota de emergencia ocasionado por la pandemia de Covid-19. Se trata de un estudio de carácter explicativo, para el cual se consideró una muestra seleccionada por conveniencia integrada por un total de 1844 docentes de tres estados de la República Mexicana. Para la recolección de la información se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc que consideró como dimensiones de análisis las siguientes: dispositivos y conectividad, apoyo familiar e institucional, preparación y capacitación. Para el procesamiento de los datos se trabajó con el programa SPSS versión 21. El análisis de los resultados se desarrolló a partir del uso de pruebas de hipótesis no paramétricas específicamente la H de Krskal Wallis y el coeficiente Rhode Spearman además de un análisis de regresión lineal multivariada que permitió generar tres modelos explicativos de la satisfacción docente durante el período de enseñanza remota, uno para cada nivel escolar considerado en el estudio. Los resultados demuestran que los niveles de satisfacción aumentan al incrementarse la disposición de dispositivos y recursos tecnológicos, el apoyo familiar e institucional y la preparación y capacitación. Asimismo, se hace referencia a una mayor satisfacción del profesorado en los niveles de educación preescolar y primaria en comparación de quienes laboran en educación secundaria.This paper had as main objective to know the degree of satisfaction of the Basic Education teachers, as well as the factors associated with it, with regard to the results obtained during the remote emergency teaching period caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. This is an explanatory study, for which a sample of 1844 teachers from three Mexican states was selected for convenience. The information was collected using an ad hoc questionnaire that considered the following dimensions of analysis: devices and connectivity, family and institutional support, preparation and training. The analysis of the results was carried out using non-parametric hypothesis tests, specifically the H of Krskal Wallis and the Rho coefficient of Spearman, in addition to a multivariate linear regression analysis that made it possible to generate three explanatory models of teacher satisfaction during the period of remote education, one for each school level considered in the study. The results show that satisfaction levels increase as the availability of technological devices and resources, family and institutional support, and preparation and training increase. Reference is also made to greater teacher satisfaction at the preschool and primary education levels compared to those working in secondary education.Universidad Pablo de Olavid

Affinity of cefotiam for the alternative penicillin binding protein PBP3SAL used by Salmonella inside host eukaryotic cells

Background: Following the invasion of eukaryotic cells, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium replaces PBP2/PBP3, main targets of β-lactam antibiotics, with PBP2SAL/PBP3SAL, two homologue peptidoglycan synthases absent in Escherichia coli. PBP3SAL promotes pathogen cell division in acidic environments independently of PBP3 and shows low affinity for β-lactams that bind to PBP3 such as aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and cefalotin. Objectives: To find compounds with high affinity for PBP3SAL to control Salmonella intracellular infections. Methods: An S. Typhimurium ΔPBP3 mutant that divides using PBP3SAL and its parental wild-type strain, were exposed to a library of 1520 approved drugs in acidified (pH 4.6) nutrient-rich LB medium. Changes in optical density associated with cell filamentation, a read-out of blockage in cell division, were monitored. Compounds causing filamentation in the ΔPBP3 mutant but not in wild-type strain-the latter strain expressing both PBP3 and PBP3SAL in LB pH 4.6-were selected for further study. The bactericidal effect due to PBP3SAL inhibition was evaluated in vitro using a bacterial infection model of cultured fibroblasts. Results: The cephalosporin cefotiam exhibited higher affinity for PBP3SAL than for PBP3 in bacteria growing in acidified LB pH 4.6 medium. Cefotiam also proved to be effective against intracellular Salmonella in a PBP3SAL-dependent manner. Conversely, cefuroxime, which has higher affinity for PBP3, showed decreased effectiveness in killing intracellular Salmonella. Conclusions: Antibiotics with affinity for PBP3SAL, like the cephalosporin cefotiam, have therapeutic value for treating Salmonella intracellular infections.This work was supported by grants PDC2021-121094-I00/10.13039/501100011033 (to F.G-d.P.) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Next Generation European Union EU/PRTR Program, and PID2020-114546RB (to O.Z.) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.S